September is Gynecological Cancer Awareness Month

Did you know there are five gynecological cancers? With September being National Gynecological Cancer Awareness Month, we are sharing details about signs and symptoms around the five different types of “down there” cancers: Ovarian, Endometrial, Cervical, Vulvar, and Vaginal.

It is important to note that many of these signs and symptoms can occur with common gynecological issues, and they do not necessarily equate to a cancer diagnosis. The best course of action is to bring up these symptoms to your doctor so that they can run the relevant screening tests. We are so fortunate to be living during a time of advanced technology that allows us to catch and treat these cancers before they become more advanced. Early detection is key!

Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian cancer is a growth of cells that forms on or around one or both ovaries. When ovarian cancer first develops, it might not cause any noticeable symptoms. However, because it often goes undetected in its earlier stages, it is the leading cause of death from gynecological cancer in the United States.

Signs and symptoms of ovarian cancer may include:
1) Abdominal bloating or swelling
2) Quickly feeling full when eating
3) Weight loss
4) Discomfort in the pelvic area
5) Fatigue
6) Back pain
7) Changes in bowel habits, such as constipation
8) A frequent need to urinate

Schedule regular check-ups, know your family history, and alert any changes in your body to your doctor. The earlier that ovarian cancer is diagnosed, the more likely that treatment will be successful.

Endometrial Cancer

Endometrial cancer begins in the layer of cells that form the lining (endometrium) of the uterus. Endometrial cancer is sometimes called uterine cancer. Endometrial cancer is often detected at an early stage because it frequently produces abnormal vaginal bleeding. If endometrial cancer is discovered early, removing the uterus surgically often cures endometrial cancer.

Signs and symptoms of endometrial cancer may include:
1) Vaginal bleeding after menopause
2) Bleeding between periods
3) Pelvic pain

Women, especially at menopause, should be told about the risks and symptoms of Endometrial Cancer, and strongly encouraged to report any vaginal bleeding, spotting or discharge to their doctor. Schedule an appointment if you experience any of these symptoms.

Cervical Cancer

Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that occurs in the cells of the cervix — the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. Cervical cancer used to be the leading cause of cancer death for women in the United States. However, according to the American Cancer Society, the number of cases and deaths from cervical cancer have decreased with women getting regular pap smears, which can find cervical pre-cancer before it turns into cancer.

Early-stage cervical cancer generally produces no signs or symptoms. Signs and symptoms of more-advanced cervical cancer include:
1) Vaginal bleeding after intercourse, between periods or after menopause
2) Watery, bloody vaginal discharge that may be heavy and have a foul odor
3) Pelvic pain or pain during intercourse

Pap smears are an important, non-invasive way to detect any cervical changes early on. Pap smears are typically recommended between ages 21 and 65. Be sure you are up to date with your regular check ups.

Vulvar Cancer

Vulvar cancer occurs on the outer surface area of the female genitalia. The vulva is the area of skin that surrounds the urethra and vagina, including the clitoris and labia.

Signs and symptoms of vulvar cancer may include:
1) Itching that doesn't go away
2) Pain and tenderness
3) Bleeding that isn't from menstruation
4) Skin changes, such as color changes or thickening
5) A lump, wart-like bumps or an open sore (ulcer)

If you are experiencing any of the symptoms, set up an appointment and share these concerns.

Vaginal Cancer

Vaginal cancer is a rare cancer that occurs in your vagina — the muscular tube that connects your uterus with your outer genitals. Vaginal cancer most commonly occurs in the cells that line the surface of your vagina, which is sometimes called the birth canal.

Early vaginal cancer may not cause any signs and symptoms. As it progresses, vaginal cancer may cause signs and symptoms, such as:
1) Unusual vaginal bleeding, for example, after intercourse or after menopause
2) Watery vaginal discharge
3) A lump or mass in your vagina
4) Painful or frequent urination
6) Constipation
7) Pelvic pain

Routine wellness visits and cervical cancer screenings can sometimes find early invasive vaginal cancer.